Where does most gas exchange occur in the lung? How far apart is the inside of an alveolus from the inside of a red blood cell? are the methods used

Where does most gas exchange occur in the lung? How far apart is the inside of an alveolus from the inside of a red blood cell? are the methods used to clean the alveolus and larger  bronchi? Are they the same? How do pleural and pulmonary cavities and pressures differ? is Boyle’s Law and how does this drive Inspiration/Expiration? Do surfactants contain lipids, phosphates or both? does surfactant do? are normal values for the following? Breathing Rate, TLC, VC, IRV, TV, ERV, RV and MRV How do these values compare in comparable females vs. males